Starting points only, sourced from the manufacturers' own published data. Every machine differs: test in scrap, tune by ear. Neither ChipLoad nor the manufacturers are responsible for broken tools.
Feeds & speeds calculator
Results
Formulas & sources
- RPM = SFM × 3.82 ÷ D · SFM = 0.262 × D × RPM · Feed = RPM × flutes × chip load · Chip load = IPM ÷ (RPM × flutes). Depth of cut: 1×D use the recommended feed, 2×D reduce feed 25%, 3×D reduce feed 50%. Amana Tool chip load chart
- Radial chip thinning (stepover < 50% of D): IPTadj = CT × D ÷ (2 × √(D × RDOC − RDOC²)). Harvey Performance, "How to Combat Chip Thinning"
- Chip thinning is only applied to a stepover you enter. The manufacturers' sourced chip loads already go with their own stepovers, so ChipLoad doesn't adjust them twice.
- Recommended chip load, RPM, plunge ratio, depth and stepover come from the sourced rows in the ChipLoad database (same material group and flute count, diameter within ±25%, same machine class if available). Each result links to its source rows. ChipLoad adds no default values of its own: if nothing matches, it says so.